Excavations at the Grotte du Bison, Arcy-sur-Cure, Burgundy, France by researchers from the University of Montreal reveal elements of the Neanderthal culture - a multi-purpose bone tool.

Photo: University of Montreal - Luc Doyon

Luc Doyon states that it was the first time a multi-purpose bone tool from this period has been discovered, proving that Neanderthals, living in Europe and western Asia between around 250,000 to 28,000 years ago, were able to understand the mechanical properties of bone and knew how to use it to make tools, abilities usually attributed to Homo sapiens. It is another example of Neanderthal technology that disputes the linear view of the evolution of human behaviour.

Image: Natural History Museum, London

The bone tool, from the left femur of an adult reindeer, estimated between 55,000 and 60,000 years ago, is extremely well preserved. Percussion and polishing marks on the bone suggest the use sharpening and scraping. It demonstrates technical sophistication.

Read more about the Neanderthal culture, in relation with other hominids:

http://www.bradshawfoundation.com/origins/homo_neanderthalensis.php